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Generate QuizTechnology – GK Questions
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Cloud bursting is a hybrid cloud strategy where applications run on-premises and 'burst' to public cloud during peak demand.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Cloud bursting allows organizations to maintain baseline capacity on-premises/private cloud and dynamically scale to public cloud during traffic spikes. Optimizes cost (pay for extra only when needed) while ensuring performance. Requires compatible infrastructure, orchestration tools, and data synchronization between environments.
Which initiative provides a digital platform for citizens to participate in policy discussions and give feedback?
- UMANG
- MyGov
- DigiLocker
- e-Taal
Answer: MyGov
MyGov is a citizen engagement platform launched under Digital India. Enables Indians to participate in policy discussions, submit ideas, vote on proposals, and provide feedback on government initiatives. Fosters collaborative governance, transparent decision-making, and inclusive policy formulation through digital participation.
The database constraint that ensures all values in a column are different is called ________.
- SSLV
- NFTs
- TDMA
- UNIQUE
Answer: UNIQUE
UNIQUE constraint enforces that all values in a column (or column combination) are distinct across rows. Unlike PRIMARY KEY, UNIQUE allows NULL values (typically one NULL per column). Used for business keys like email, phone number. Multiple UNIQUE constraints can exist per table, aiding data integrity and query optimization.
Which ISRO satellite provides high-resolution imagery for urban planning and infrastructure monitoring?
- CARTOSAT-3
- EOS-06
- GSAT-7A
- IRNSS-1I
Answer: CARTOSAT-3
CARTOSAT-3 is a third-generation agile advanced earth observation satellite with sub-meter resolution (0.25m panchromatic). Used for cartography, urban planning, infrastructure monitoring, and strategic applications. Launch on PSLV in 2019. Part of India's self-reliance in high-resolution remote sensing data for development and security.
Zero Trust Architecture assumes that threats can exist both outside and inside the traditional network perimeter.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Zero Trust operates on 'never trust, always verify' principle. It eliminates implicit trust based on network location, requiring strict identity verification for every access request regardless of origin. Implements micro-segmentation, least-privilege access, continuous monitoring, and assumes breach mindset for robust security posture.
Which cloud service provides on-demand access to virtual machines, storage, and networks?
- SaaS
- PaaS
- IaaS
- FaaS
Answer: IaaS
IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) provides fundamental computing resources: virtual machines, storage, networks, and operating systems. Customers manage applications, data, runtime, and middleware. Examples: AWS EC2, Azure VMs, Google Compute Engine. Offers maximum flexibility but requires more management than PaaS or SaaS.
The platform that provides a unified interface for businesses to comply with multiple regulatory filings is called ________.
- Gate-All-Around / GAA
- e-Biz / MCA21
- Astra
- Authentication
Answer: e-Biz / MCA21
MCA21 (Ministry of Corporate Affairs) is an e-governance platform for company incorporation, compliance filings, and statutory services. e-Biz integrates multiple government services for businesses. These platforms reduce paperwork, enable online payments, and provide real-time status tracking, supporting Ease of Doing Business reforms.
Which SQL clause is used to combine the result sets of two or more SELECT statements?
- JOIN
- MERGE
- UNION
- COMBINE
Answer: UNION
UNION combines result sets of multiple SELECT queries into a single result, removing duplicates by default. UNION ALL retains duplicates and is faster. Requirements: same number of columns, compatible data types, and same column order. Useful for consolidating data from similar tables or partitioned datasets.
PSLV has four stages using solid and liquid propulsion alternately.
- True
- False
Answer: True
PSLV has four stages: 1st and 3rd use solid propellant; 2nd and 4th use liquid propellant. Strap-on solid boosters enhance lift-off thrust. This alternating design optimizes performance for polar and sun-synchronous orbits. PSLV's reliability and versatility made it ISRO's workhorse for earth observation and small satellite launches.
Which authentication protocol is commonly used for single sign-on (SSO) in enterprise environments?
- OAuth 2.0
- SAML
- OpenID Connect
- All of these
Answer: All of these
SSO protocols: SAML (XML-based, enterprise SSO), OAuth 2.0 (authorization framework), OpenID Connect (identity layer on OAuth). Often used together: OIDC for user authentication, OAuth for API access delegation. Enables seamless access to multiple applications with one login, improving user experience and security management.
The cloud architecture pattern where applications are built as loosely coupled, independently deployable services is called ________ Architecture.
- Application-Layer
- Patch
- Quantum
- Microservices
Answer: Microservices
Microservices Architecture decomposes applications into small, independent services communicating via APIs. Benefits: independent scaling, technology diversity, fault isolation, and faster deployments. Challenges: distributed system complexity, data consistency, monitoring. Often combined with containers (Docker) and orchestration (Kubernetes) for cloud-native development.
Which initiative enables paperless, faceless, and cashless service delivery for citizens under Digital India?
- e-Office
- e-Taal
- JAM Trinity
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Digital India promotes paperless (digital documents), faceless (online processes without physical interface), and cashless (digital payments) governance. e-Office digitizes file management; e-Taal tracks e-service transactions; JAM (Jan Dhan-Aadhaar-Mobile) enables direct benefit transfers. Together they transform service delivery efficiency and transparency.
NoSQL databases do not support ACID transactions at all.
- True
- False
Answer: False
Many modern NoSQL databases support ACID transactions, at least for single-document or single-partition operations. Examples: MongoDB (multi-document ACID since 4.0), Cassandra (lightweight transactions), Google Spanner (globally distributed ACID). Trade-offs exist between consistency, availability, and partition tolerance (CAP theorem).
Which ISRO technology demonstrator successfully tested autonomous landing of a reusable launch vehicle?
- RLV-TD HEX01
- RLV LEX
- AVM
- Both A and B
Answer: Both A and B
RLV-TD (Reusable Launch Vehicle - Technology Demonstrator) program includes: HEX01 (hypersonic flight test, 2016) and LEX (Landing Experiment, 2023) which demonstrated autonomous landing of a winged body. These tests advance India's capability for cost-effective access to space through reusable rocket technology.
The Indian government agency responsible for responding to computer security incidents is called ________-In.
- CERT
- RBI
- WCAG
- CPU
Answer: CERT
CERT-In (Indian Computer Emergency Response Team) is the national nodal agency for responding to cybersecurity incidents. Functions: threat analysis, vulnerability management, incident response, security awareness, and coordination with international CERTs. Operates under Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY).
Which cloud storage class is most cost-effective for data accessed less than once a year?
- Standard
- Infrequent Access
- Archive
- Glacier Deep Archive
Answer: Glacier Deep Archive
Glacier Deep Archive (AWS) or equivalent cold storage tiers offer lowest cost for long-term retention with retrieval times of 12+ hours. Ideal for regulatory archives, backups, and historical data. Trade-off: low storage cost but high retrieval cost/latency. Choose storage class based on access frequency and RTO/RPO requirements.
The Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Act 2023 applies to processing of digital personal data within India and also to processing outside India if it relates to offering goods/services to individuals in India.
- True
- False
Answer: True
DPDP Act 2023 has extraterritorial application: it governs processing of digital personal data (1) within India, and (2) outside India if it involves profiling or offering goods/services to individuals in India. Aligns with global frameworks like GDPR. Establishes Data Protection Board and mandates consent, purpose limitation, and data principal rights.
Which database isolation level prevents dirty reads but allows non-repeatable reads and phantom reads?
- Read Uncommitted
- Read Committed
- Repeatable Read
- Serializable
Answer: Read Committed
Read Committed isolation level ensures transactions see only committed data (prevents dirty reads). However, same query in same transaction may return different results if other transactions modify data (non-repeatable reads) or add new rows (phantom reads). Default in PostgreSQL and Oracle; balances consistency and concurrency.
The ISRO program aimed at developing technology for human spaceflight is called ________.
- Gaganyaan
- Artificial Intelligence / #AIforAll
- e₹ / Digital Rupee
- Carbon / Emissions
Answer: Gaganyaan
Gaganyaan is ISRO's human spaceflight program to send Indian astronauts to low Earth orbit (~400 km) for 3-7 days. Includes crew module, service module, life support, and crew escape system. Multiple uncrewed test flights precede crewed mission. Represents India's capability in human-rated launch vehicles and space medicine.
Serverless computing means no servers are used; code runs entirely on client devices.
- True
- False
Answer: False
Serverless (e.g., AWS Lambda, Azure Functions) abstracts server management from developers. Servers still exist but are fully managed by the provider. Developers deploy code functions that auto-scale and charge per execution. Benefits: no infrastructure management, automatic scaling, pay-per-use pricing. Not 'no servers' but 'no server management'.