Create a custom practice set
Pick category, difficulty, number of questions, and time limit. Start instantly with your own quiz.
Generate QuizTechnology – Hard Level – GK Questions
Free practice for SSC, UPSC, Banking & Railway exams. No login required.
The technique that smooths model predictions by adding noise to inputs during inference is called ________ Smoothing.
- Randomized
- Digital India / UPI
- Consortium
- Latency
Answer: Randomized
Randomized smoothing provides certified robustness guarantees against adversarial perturbations by averaging predictions over noisy inputs.
Which brain-inspired feature enables neuromorphic chips to achieve ultra-low power consumption?
- Spiking Neurons
- Event-Driven Computation
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
Neuromorphic chips use spiking neurons that fire only when needed, and event-driven computation that processes only changes. Critical for edge AI with tight power budgets.
The technology that encodes digital information into synthetic DNA strands for storage is called ________ Storage.
- DNA / Molecular
- Ensemble
- Application-Layer
- Artifact
Answer: DNA / Molecular
DNA data storage offers extreme density (exabytes/gram) and longevity (thousands of years). Research ongoing at IITs and global labs for archival applications.
Which quantum algorithm provides exponential speedup for factoring large integers?
- Grover's Algorithm
- Shor's Algorithm
- Quantum Phase Estimation
- Variational Quantum Eigensolver
Answer: Shor's Algorithm
Shor's Algorithm factors integers in polynomial time on quantum computers, threatening RSA encryption. Requires fault-tolerant quantum computers not yet available at scale.
The technique that adds calibrated noise to model gradients during training to provide privacy guarantees is called ________-SGD.
- Ethical / CEH
- Differential Privacy / DP
- e-Filing Portal
- Forum / Index
Answer: Differential Privacy / DP
DP-SGD adds noise to gradients during training, providing mathematical privacy guarantees. Critical for training ML models on sensitive data while preventing membership inference.
Which defense technique trains ML models with adversarial examples to improve robustness?
- Adversarial Training
- Defensive Distillation
- Randomized Smoothing
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Adversarial defenses: adversarial training includes perturbed examples, defensive distillation smooths outputs, randomized smoothing adds noise. All improve robustness against adversarial attacks.
Which Zero Trust principle requires continuous verification of trust assumptions?
- Never Trust, Always Verify
- Assume Breach
- Least Privilege Access
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Zero Trust combines: never trust always verify (continuous authentication), assume breach (detect/contain threats), least privilege (minimum access). All principles work together for comprehensive security.
Which architecture underpins modern LLMs?
- CNN
- RNN
- Transformer
- LSTM
Answer: Transformer
Transformer uses self-attention for parallel sequence processing.
Which method reduces LLM hallucinations by grounding responses in external knowledge?
- Fine-tuning
- RAG
- Prompt Engineering
- All of these
Answer: RAG
Retrieval-Augmented Generation combines LLMs with external knowledge retrieval.
The technique that enables efficient training of large models by partitioning across devices is called ________ Parallelism.
- Kubernetes
- Ethical / CEH
- Model / Pipeline
- Transaction / AML
Answer: Model / Pipeline
Model parallelism splits model layers across devices; pipeline parallelism stages computation. Critical for scaling LLM training.
Which architecture forms the foundation of modern Large Language Models?
- CNN
- RNN
- Transformer
- LSTM
Answer: Transformer
Transformer architecture uses self-attention mechanisms to process sequences in parallel, enabling scaling to billions of parameters.
Which database design pattern stores historical changes to data by adding new rows instead of updating existing ones?
- Soft Delete
- Temporal Tables
- Event Sourcing
- Both B and C
Answer: Both B and C
Temporal Tables (SQL:2011 standard) automatically track row history with system-versioned tables. Event Sourcing stores state changes as immutable events, enabling reconstruction of any historical state. Both support audit trails, time-travel queries, and compliance. Trade-offs: increased storage and query complexity for historical analysis.
Zero Trust Architecture assumes that threats can exist both outside and inside the traditional network perimeter.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Zero Trust operates on 'never trust, always verify' principle. It eliminates implicit trust based on network location, requiring strict identity verification for every access request regardless of origin. Implements micro-segmentation, least-privilege access, continuous monitoring, and assumes breach mindset for robust security posture.
The cloud architecture pattern where applications are built as loosely coupled, independently deployable services is called ________ Architecture.
- Application-Layer
- Patch
- Quantum
- Microservices
Answer: Microservices
Microservices Architecture decomposes applications into small, independent services communicating via APIs. Benefits: independent scaling, technology diversity, fault isolation, and faster deployments. Challenges: distributed system complexity, data consistency, monitoring. Often combined with containers (Docker) and orchestration (Kubernetes) for cloud-native development.
Which database isolation level prevents dirty reads but allows non-repeatable reads and phantom reads?
- Read Uncommitted
- Read Committed
- Repeatable Read
- Serializable
Answer: Read Committed
Read Committed isolation level ensures transactions see only committed data (prevents dirty reads). However, same query in same transaction may return different results if other transactions modify data (non-repeatable reads) or add new rows (phantom reads). Default in PostgreSQL and Oracle; balances consistency and concurrency.
Which ISRO mission demonstrated in-orbit servicing capability by refueling a satellite?
- SPADEX
- POEM
- DS-SAR
- Not yet demonstrated
Answer: Not yet demonstrated
As of 2026, ISRO has not yet demonstrated in-orbit refueling. SPADEX (Space Docking Experiment) tested docking/undocking, a prerequisite for servicing. POEM (PSLV Orbital Experimental Module) demonstrated using spent rocket stage as orbital platform. In-orbit servicing remains a future goal for satellite life extension and space debris management.
Homomorphic encryption allows computations on encrypted data without decrypting it first.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Homomorphic encryption enables performing calculations on ciphertext, producing encrypted results that, when decrypted, match operations performed on plaintext. Critical for privacy-preserving cloud computing, secure voting, and confidential AI inference. Still computationally intensive but advancing with research and hardware acceleration.
The framework that enables consent-based sharing of financial data between institutions in India is called the ________ Framework.
- Frequency
- Container / Image
- Account Aggregator
- Web Application / DAST
Answer: Account Aggregator
Account Aggregator (AA) is a consent-based data sharing framework regulated by RBI. It allows individuals to securely share financial information (bank statements, investments, insurance) between Financial Information Providers (FIPs) and Financial Information Users (FIUs) for better credit access and personalized services.
Which type of ransomware encrypts files and also exfiltrates data to threaten public release if ransom is not paid?
- Crypto-ransomware
- Locker ransomware
- Double extortion ransomware
- Scareware
Answer: Double extortion ransomware
Double extortion ransomware combines file encryption with data theft. Attackers threaten to publish sensitive data if ransom isn't paid, increasing pressure on victims. This evolved tactic makes backups insufficient as a sole defense. Prevention requires DLP, encryption, network segmentation, and incident response planning.
Which advantage do neuromorphic chips offer for edge AI?
- High Precision
- Ultra-Low Power
- Large Memory
- Fast Clock
Answer: Ultra-Low Power
Neuromorphic chips achieve ultra-low power via event-driven, sparse computation.