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The _______ Pass connects Srinagar to Leh in Ladakh.
- Zoji La
- Nathu La
- Bomdi La
- Shipki La
Answer: Zoji La
Zoji La Pass, at an elevation of 3,528 meters, connects the Kashmir Valley with Ladakh. It is a crucial mountain pass on the Srinagar-Leh highway. Due to heavy snowfall, it remains closed in winter, though the Zoji La Tunnel project (under construction) aims to provide all-weather connectivity.
The _______ River is known as the 'Dakshin Ganga' (Ganga of the South).
- Krishna
- Godavari
- Kaveri
- Mahanadi
Answer: Godavari
The Godavari River is called 'Dakshin Ganga' because it is the longest river in peninsular India (1,465 km) and holds religious significance similar to the Ganga. It originates in Maharashtra (Trimbakeshwar) and flows through Telangana, Andhra Pradesh before emptying into the Bay of Bengal.
The _______ Canal connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea.
- Panama
- Suez
- Kiel
- Corinth
Answer: Suez
The Suez Canal, located in Egypt, connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea, providing a direct shipping route between Europe and Asia. Opened in 1869, it saves ships from navigating around Africa, reducing travel time by about 7,000 km. It was nationalized by Egypt in 1956.
_______ soil is also known as regur soil and is ideal for cotton cultivation.
- Alluvial
- Black
- Red
- Laterite
Answer: Black
Black soil, also called regur or cotton soil, is formed from volcanic basalt rock. It is rich in calcium, magnesium, and potash, has high moisture retention, and is ideal for cotton cultivation. Found mainly in Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and parts of Tamil Nadu.
The _______ Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean on Earth.
- Atlantic
- Indian
- Arctic
- Pacific
Answer: Pacific
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean, covering about 30% of Earth's surface (165 million sq km). It extends from the Arctic in the north to the Southern Ocean in the south, and from Asia/Australia to the Americas. The Mariana Trench is its deepest point.
The _______ River is traditionally considered the longest river in the world.
- Amazon
- Nile
- Yangtze
- Mississippi
Answer: Nile
The Nile River in Africa is traditionally considered the longest river in the world at approximately 6,650 km. However, some recent studies suggest the Amazon may be longer. The Nile flows through 11 countries before emptying into the Mediterranean Sea.
The capital of Australia is _______.
- Sydney
- Melbourne
- Canberra
- Perth
Answer: Canberra
Canberra is the capital city of Australia, located in the Australian Capital Territory. It was selected as a compromise between Sydney and Melbourne in 1908. The city was designed by American architect Walter Burley Griffin.
The _______ is the longest river in India.
- Ganga
- Brahmaputra
- Godavari
- Krishna
Answer: Ganga
The Ganga (Ganges) is the longest river in India, flowing approximately 2,525 km from its source in the Gangotri Glacier to the Bay of Bengal. It is considered sacred in Hinduism and supports over 400 million people.
A security policy that grants users only the minimum access necessary to perform their job is called ________ of Least ________.
- Red Team / Penetration
- Principle, Privilege
- Code
- PMP / PRINCE2
Answer: Principle, Privilege
Principle of Least Privilege (PoLP) restricts user/system access rights to only what is essential for their role, minimizing damage from accidents or attacks. Implemented via role-based access control (RBAC), regular access reviews, and just-in-time permissions. Core concept in secure system design.
The device that converts digital signals from computer to analog for telephone line transmission is called ________.
- Modem
- Middle
- Serverless
- Transparency
Answer: Modem
Modem (Modulator-Demodulator) converts digital data from computers to analog signals for transmission over telephone lines (modulation) and vice versa at receiving end (demodulation). Though largely replaced by broadband, modems established foundational concepts for digital communication over analog infrastructure.
The AI approach where systems learn by trial and error using rewards and penalties is called ________ Learning.
- Quantum
- Reinforcement
- Microservices / RESTful
- Inversion
Answer: Reinforcement
Reinforcement Learning (RL) trains agents to make sequential decisions by interacting with an environment and receiving rewards/penalties. Used in robotics, game playing (AlphaGo), autonomous vehicles, and resource optimization. Differs from supervised learning (labeled data) and unsupervised learning (pattern discovery).
A security practice of regularly updating software to fix vulnerabilities is called ________ management.
- Patch
- Reinforcement / RLHF
- Microservices
- do-while
Answer: Patch
Patch Management is the process of acquiring, testing, and installing code changes (patches) to fix security vulnerabilities, bugs, or improve functionality. Critical for protecting systems from exploits targeting known flaws. Automated tools and scheduled maintenance windows help streamline patch deployment.
The convergence of physical, digital, and biological spheres characterizes the ________ Industrial Revolution.
- Hybrid
- Modernisation Programme / DILRMP
- Fourth
- Gaganyaan
Answer: Fourth
The Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0) blends technologies like AI, IoT, robotics, 3D printing, and biotechnology, blurring lines between physical, digital, and biological domains. India's initiatives like SAMARTH Udyog and National Strategy on AI aim to harness this transformation for inclusive growth.
The technique of hiding private IP addresses behind a single public IP is called ________.
- NAT
- AePS
- IP
- SLAAC
Answer: NAT
NAT (Network Address Translation) allows multiple devices on a private network to share a single public IP address when accessing the internet. Conserves IPv4 addresses and adds a layer of security by hiding internal network structure. Implemented in routers and firewalls.
The platform that provides online courses from school to university level under Ministry of Education is called ________.
- SWAYAM
- TDMA
- O(1)
- QR
Answer: SWAYAM
SWAYAM (Study Webs of Active-Learning for Young Aspiring Minds) is a MOOC platform offering free online courses from 9th grade to post-graduation by reputed Indian institutions. Credits earned can be transferred to academic records. Part of Digital India's education transformation initiatives.
The ethical framework addressing fairness, accountability, and transparency in AI systems is called ________ AI.
- Model
- FATF / Financial Action Task Force
- Make
- Responsible
Answer: Responsible
Responsible AI encompasses principles and practices to ensure AI systems are developed and deployed ethically: fairness (avoiding bias), accountability (clear responsibility), transparency (explainable decisions), privacy protection, and human oversight. India's AI strategy emphasizes Responsible AI for inclusive growth.
A type of malware that replicates itself to spread to other computers without user intervention is called a ________.
- Indigenization / Self-Reliance
- Worm
- Artificial Intelligence / GPAI
- Stratified
Answer: Worm
Computer Worm is standalone malware that self-replicates to spread across networks, exploiting vulnerabilities without requiring user action (unlike viruses that need host files). Worms can consume bandwidth, install backdoors, or deliver payloads. Prevention: network segmentation, patching, firewall rules.
The technology that uses algorithms to make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed is called ________ Learning.
- Multi-Task
- Machine
- DNA / Molecular
- Access Control
Answer: Machine
Machine Learning enables systems to learn patterns from data and improve performance on tasks without explicit programming. Types: Supervised (labeled data), Unsupervised (pattern discovery), Reinforcement (reward-based learning). Applications: recommendation engines, fraud detection, predictive maintenance.
The system that enables cash withdrawals and balance inquiries at micro-ATMs using Aadhaar authentication is called ________.
- NAT
- AePS
- SMTP
- TDMA
Answer: AePS
AePS (Aadhaar Enabled Payment System) allows bank customers to use Aadhaar number and fingerprint/iris for basic banking transactions at Micro-ATMs through Business Correspondents. Operated by NPCI, it promotes financial inclusion in rural areas without need for cards, phones, or internet.
The permanent memory in a computer that retains data even when power is off is called ________.
- ROM
- SSH
- IN-SPACe
- AePS
Answer: ROM
ROM (Read-Only Memory) is non-volatile memory that stores firmware like BIOS/UEFI. Data is written during manufacturing and generally cannot be modified by users. Unlike RAM which is volatile, ROM retains critical boot instructions even after power loss. Variants include PROM, EPROM, EEPROM.