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Generate QuizTechnology – Medium Level – GK Questions
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Which database feature enables automatic failover and high availability across multiple nodes?
- Replication
- Sharding
- Indexing
- Caching
Answer: Replication
Replication maintains copies of data across nodes for fault tolerance and read scalability. Synchronous (strong consistency) vs asynchronous (eventual consistency). Critical for resilient database design.
Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) standards enable deterministic, low-latency communication for industrial IoT.
- True
- False
Answer: True
TSN (IEEE 802.1) extends Ethernet for real-time control: time synchronization, traffic shaping, redundancy. Critical for Industry 4.0, autonomous vehicles, and critical infrastructure.
Which program supports student innovation through grants and mentorship in educational institutions?
- KAPILA
- Innovation Ambassador
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
KAPILA (Knowledge Assessment and Processing for Innovation and IPR Literacy Awareness) and Innovation Ambassador program build IP culture in HEIs. Critical for academic innovation questions.
The initiative that provides digital infrastructure for land records modernization is called Digital India Land Records ________.
- h+1
- Carbon / Emissions
- Modernisation Programme / DILRMP
- Incident
Answer: Modernisation Programme / DILRMP
DILRMP digitizes land records, integrates with Aadhaar, enables online mutation, and reduces disputes. Critical for property rights, credit access, and governance transparency.
Confidential Computing protects data in use by processing it in hardware-based trusted execution environments.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Confidential Computing (Intel SGX, AMD SEV) encrypts data in memory during processing, protecting from OS/hypervisor attacks. Critical for multi-tenant cloud and privacy-sensitive workloads.
Which framework provides guidelines for managing third-party cyber risk in supply chains?
- NIST SP 800-161
- ISO 27036
- Both A and B
- Neither
Answer: Both A and B
NIST SP 800-161 and ISO 27036 provide frameworks for supply chain risk management: vendor assessment, contract clauses, continuous monitoring. Critical for third-party risk governance questions.
The concept of digital public goods refers to open-source software, open data, and open standards that serve the ________.
- Masked
- Public Interest / Common Good
- Security Monitoring / CNAPP
- Offline
Answer: Public Interest / Common Good
Digital Public Goods (UN definition) are open solutions addressing SDGs: health, education, finance. India contributes: MOSIP (identity), Sunbird (education), DIVOC (vaccination). Critical for global development questions.
Which certification validates expertise in project management for technology initiatives?
- PMP
- PRINCE2
- Agile/Scrum
- All of these
Answer: All of these
PMP (PMI) covers traditional project management; PRINCE2 is process-based; Agile/Scrum certifications focus on iterative delivery. All valued for tech project leadership roles.
API Gateway pattern provides a single entry point for client requests to microservices, handling routing, auth, and rate limiting.
- True
- False
Answer: True
API Gateway abstracts microservices complexity: request routing, authentication, rate limiting, caching, monitoring. Critical for secure, manageable microservices architectures.
Which database optimization technique stores frequently accessed data in faster memory?
- Indexing
- Caching
- Partitioning
- Replication
Answer: Caching
Caching (Redis, Memcached) stores hot data in RAM for sub-millisecond access, reducing database load. Critical for high-traffic applications. Trade-offs: cache invalidation, consistency.
Which fund provides risk capital to startups through SEBI-registered Alternative Investment Funds?
- Fund of Funds for Startups
- Startup India Seed Fund
- NIDHI
- All of these
Answer: Fund of Funds for Startups
FFS (₹10,000 crore) managed by SIDBI invests in AIFs that fund startups. Focuses on innovation, job creation, strategic sectors. Part of Startup India ecosystem support.
The Digital India initiative aims to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Digital India (launched 2015) has three pillars: digital infrastructure as utility, governance & services on demand, digital empowerment of citizens. Encompasses Aadhaar, UPI, DigiLocker, BharatNet, etc.
Which technique removes personally identifiable information from datasets while preserving analytical utility?
- Encryption
- Anonymization
- Tokenization
- Masking
Answer: Anonymization
Anonymization irreversibly removes/alters PII to prevent re-identification. Techniques: k-anonymity, l-diversity, differential privacy. Critical for privacy-preserving analytics and GDPR/DPDP compliance.
The practice of encrypting data at rest, in transit, and in use is called ________ Encryption.
- Zero
- Domain-Driven Design / DDD
- Two-Tier / Hybrid
- End-to-End / Comprehensive
Answer: End-to-End / Comprehensive
End-to-end encryption protects data throughout lifecycle: at rest (storage), in transit (network), in use (processing via confidential computing). Critical for data protection and compliance questions.
Which framework provides guidelines for securing industrial control systems and critical infrastructure?
- NIST CSF
- IEC 62443
- ISO 27001
- COBIT
Answer: IEC 62443
IEC 62443 provides cybersecurity standards for industrial automation and control systems (IACS). Addresses OT-specific threats: safety, availability, integrity. Critical for critical infrastructure protection questions.
The Chip Act in USA and similar policies in EU/India aim to reshore semiconductor manufacturing for supply chain resilience.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Geopolitical tensions and pandemic disruptions drove policies: US CHIPS Act, EU Chips Act, India Semiconductor Mission. Aim to reduce concentration risk and ensure strategic autonomy. Critical for tech geopolitics questions.
Which role focuses on automating infrastructure deployment and management using code?
- DevOps Engineer
- Data Scientist
- UX Designer
- Product Manager
Answer: DevOps Engineer
DevOps Engineers use IaC (Terraform, Ansible), CI/CD, and monitoring to automate infrastructure. Critical for cloud operations and agile delivery. High demand in Indian tech sector.
The pattern that separates read and write operations for scalability is called Command Query ________.
- Randomized
- Regolith
- Inclusive
- Responsibility Segregation / CQRS
Answer: Responsibility Segregation / CQRS
CQRS separates read (query) and write (command) models, enabling independent scaling, optimization, and consistency models. Often combined with Event Sourcing. Critical for high-performance systems design.
Which database feature ensures that transactions are processed reliably even during system failures?
- ACID Properties
- Eventual Consistency
- Sharding
- Caching
Answer: ACID Properties
ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) guarantees reliable transaction processing. Critical for banking, inventory, and other mission-critical applications. NoSQL may relax ACID for scalability.
Intent-Based Networking uses AI to translate business policies into network configurations automatically.
- True
- False
Answer: True
IBN uses AI/ML to interpret business intent (e.g., 'prioritize VoIP'), auto-configure network, and continuously verify compliance. Reduces manual errors and operational complexity. Critical for autonomous networks questions.