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Chandrayaan-3's landing site was officially named _______ Base Camp by ISRO.
- Shiv Shakti
- Tiranga Point
- Vikram Sarabhai
- Chandra
Answer: Shiv Shakti
Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced the landing point (69.37°S, 32.35°E) as 'Shiv Shakti Point' in August 2023, symbolizing determination and spirituality.
Haumea is distinguished by its elongated ellipsoidal shape and rapid rotation.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Haumea rotates every ~4 hours, causing extreme flattening into a triaxial ellipsoid. It also has a ring system and two moons.
Which ISRO launch vehicle uses four liquid strap-on boosters derived from the Vikas engine?
- PSLV-Core
- PSLV-XL
- GSLV Mk II
- SSLV
Answer: GSLV Mk II
GSLV Mk II employs four L40 liquid strap-ons using Vikas engines burning UDMH/N2O4, augmenting core stage thrust during initial ascent.
Which space agency developed the Proton launch vehicle?
- NASA
- Roscosmos
- ESA
- CNSA
Answer: Roscosmos
Proton is a Russian expendable launch vehicle derived from Soviet ICBM technology, historically used for ISS modules and commercial satellites.
The GSAT-N1 (GSAT-20) satellite was launched in 2024 aboard SpaceX's _______ rocket.
- Falcon 9
- Falcon Heavy
- Starship
- Electron
Answer: Falcon Heavy
Due to weight constraints, GSAT-N1 (4,700 kg) was launched via Falcon Heavy in November 2024, marking increased reliance on commercial launchers for heavy Indian satellites.
Wolf-Rayet stars are massive stars losing mass rapidly through strong stellar winds.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Wolf-Rayet stars (>20 solar masses) exhibit broad emission lines from intense winds ejecting outer layers, preceding supernova or gamma-ray burst events.
The Vyommitra humanoid robot is intended for which Gaganyaan-related mission?
- First crewed flight
- Uncrewed test flights
- Lunar landing
- Space station assembly
Answer: Uncrewed test flights
Vyommitra, a female humanoid robot, will fly on uncrewed Gaganyaan missions to simulate human presence, testing life support systems and microgravity responses.
Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 famously collided with which planet in 1994?
- Saturn
- Jupiter
- Uranus
- Neptune
Answer: Jupiter
Fragmented comet SL9 impacted Jupiter in July 1994, creating visible scars larger than Earth, providing insights into planetary impacts and Jupiter's atmosphere.
The first woman to walk on the Moon is planned under NASA's _______ program.
- Apollo
- Artemis
- Constellation
- Orion
Answer: Artemis
Artemis aims to land the first woman and next man on the lunar south pole, building sustainable presence ahead of Mars missions.
Starlink satellites operate in geostationary orbit for low-latency internet.
- True
- False
Answer: False
Starlink uses Low Earth Orbit (~550 km) constellations to achieve low latency (~20-40 ms), unlike GEO satellites which have ~600 ms latency due to distance.
The Great Attractor is a gravitational anomaly pulling galaxies including the Milky Way toward which direction?
- Andromeda
- Centaurus Cluster
- Virgo Supercluster
- Shapley Attractor
Answer: Centaurus Cluster
The Great Attractor lies in the direction of the Centaurus Cluster (~150-250 Mly away), influencing motion of the Local Group within the Laniakea Supercluster.
Which mission mapped Venus's surface through clouds using radar in the 1990s?
- Venera 13
- Magellan
- Akatsuki
- Pioneer Venus
Answer: Magellan
NASA's Magellan orbiter (1990-1994) used synthetic aperture radar to map 98% of Venus's surface, revealing volcanic plains, tectonic features, and impact craters.
The U R Rao Satellite Centre (URSC), formerly ISAC, is located in _______.
- Ahmedabad
- Bengaluru
- Hyderabad
- Thiruvananthapuram
Answer: Bengaluru
URSC in Bengaluru is ISRO's lead center for satellite design, development, and testing, named after former ISRO chairman Prof. Udupi Ramachandra Rao.
Jupiter emits more energy than it receives from the Sun.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Jupiter radiates about twice the energy it absorbs from sunlight, generated by Kelvin-Helmholtz contraction and residual heat from formation.
Which augmentation system enhances GPS accuracy for aviation in Europe?
- WAAS
- EGNOS
- MSAS
- GAGAN
Answer: EGNOS
EGNOS (European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service) improves GPS precision and integrity for European aviation, similar to WAAS (USA), MSAS (Japan), and GAGAN (India).
What is the approximate lifespan of a star like our Sun on the main sequence?
- 1 million years
- 10 billion years
- 100 billion years
- 1 trillion years
Answer: 10 billion years
Sun-like stars spend ~10 billion years fusing hydrogen. The Sun is currently ~4.6 billion years old, halfway through its main sequence phase.
Aditya-L1's ASPEX payload measures _______ particles in the solar wind.
- Neutral atoms
- Suprathermal and energetic protons/electrons
- Cosmic rays
- Dust grains
Answer: Suprathermal and energetic protons/electrons
ASPEX (Aditya Solar wind Particle EXperiment) analyzes energy spectra and angular distribution of solar wind ions and electrons to understand particle acceleration.
KARI is the space agency of South Korea.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI) manages South Korea's space program, including Nuri launch vehicle and KPLO lunar orbiter.
Which Indian satellite series provides real-time weather imagery every 15 minutes over India?
- INSAT-3D/3DR
- Cartosat
- Resourcesat
- Oceansat
Answer: INSAT-3D/3DR
INSAT-3D and INSAT-3DR provide high-frequency meteorological imaging, sounding, and disaster alert services crucial for cyclone tracking and monsoon monitoring.
Which moon of Saturn has lakes of liquid methane and ethane on its surface?
- Enceladus
- Titan
- Rhea
- Dione
Answer: Titan
Titan is the only body besides Earth with stable surface liquids, consisting of hydrocarbon lakes and seas, observed by Cassini-Huygens mission.