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True or False: Geothermal energy harnesses heat from Earth's interior.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Geothermal energy uses steam/hot water from underground reservoirs for electricity or heating. India has potential in Puga (Ladakh), Manikaran (Himachal). Renewable and baseload. [[MNRE Reports]]
The escape velocity from Earth's surface is approximately:
- 7.9 km/s
- 11.2 km/s
- 16.7 km/s
- 22.4 km/s
Answer: 11.2 km/s
Escape velocity v_e = √(2GM/R) ≈ 11.2 km/s for Earth. Orbital velocity is ~7.9 km/s. Critical for space mission planning. [[NCERT Physics Class 11]]
Pollination by wind is called ________.
- Hydrophily
- Anemophily
- Entomophily
- Ornithophily
Answer: Anemophily
Anemophily: wind pollination (e.g., grasses, cereals). Flowers are small, inconspicuous, produce abundant light pollen. Contrasts with biotic pollination (insects, birds). [[NCERT Biology Class 12]]
True or False: In disproportionation reaction, the same element is both oxidized and reduced.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Disproportionation: one species undergoes both oxidation and reduction. Example: 2H₂O₂ → 2H₂O + O₂ (O in H₂O₂: -1 → -2 in H₂O and 0 in O₂). Important redox concept. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 11]]
Which protocol is used for secure communication over a computer network?
- HTTP
- FTP
- HTTPS
- SMTP
Answer: HTTPS
HTTPS (HTTP Secure) uses SSL/TLS encryption to protect data integrity and confidentiality. Essential for e-commerce, banking, and privacy. HTTP is unencrypted. [[CERT-In Guidelines]]
The resistance of a conductor is directly proportional to its ________.
- Area of cross-section
- Length
- Temperature
- Both length and temperature
Answer: Length
R = ρL/A: resistance ∝ length (L), ∝ resistivity (ρ), ∝ 1/area (A). Temperature increases ρ for metals. Fundamental for circuit design. [[NCERT Physics Class 10]]
True or False: Pulmonary vein carries deoxygenated blood.
- True
- False
Answer: False
Pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from lungs to left atrium. Pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from right ventricle to lungs. Common point of confusion. [[NCERT Biology Class 11]]
Which bond is the strongest?
- Hydrogen bond
- Ionic bond
- Covalent bond
- Van der Waals force
Answer: Covalent bond
Covalent bonds (shared electrons) have bond energies 150-1100 kJ/mol; ionic 400-4000 kJ/mol (but weaker in solution); hydrogen 10-40 kJ/mol; Van der Waals <5 kJ/mol. Context matters, but covalent is generally strongest intramolecularly. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 11]]
The Namami Gange Programme aims to rejuvenate the ________ River.
- Yamuna
- Ganga
- Brahmaputra
- Godavari
Answer: Ganga
Namami Gange (launched 2014) is an integrated conservation mission for pollution abatement, rejuvenation, and sustainable use of the Ganga. Flagship environmental program. [[NMCG Reports, NCERT Geography Class 11]]
True or False: In projectile motion, the horizontal component of velocity remains constant (ignoring air resistance).
- True
- False
Answer: True
No horizontal force → no horizontal acceleration → vₓ constant. Vertical component changes due to gravity. Key for solving projectile problems. [[NCERT Physics Class 11]]
Which of the following is a primary consumer?
- Lion
- Deer
- Grass
- Fungi
Answer: Deer
Primary consumers (herbivores) eat producers (plants). Deer eat grass; lions are secondary consumers; fungi are decomposers. Understanding trophic levels is fundamental. [[NCERT Biology Class 12]]
The Tyndall effect is observed in ________.
- True solutions
- Colloids
- Suspensions
- Pure liquids
Answer: Colloids
Tyndall effect: scattering of light by colloidal particles, making beam visible. True solutions don't scatter; suspensions settle. Used to distinguish colloids. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 12]]
True or False: IaaS stands for Infrastructure as a Service in cloud computing.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Cloud service models: IaaS (virtualized computing resources), PaaS (development platforms), SaaS (software applications). Examples: AWS (IaaS), Google App Engine (PaaS), Gmail (SaaS). [[MeitY Reports]]
The audible frequency range for humans is:
- 20 Hz - 20 kHz
- 20 kHz - 20 MHz
- 1 Hz - 100 Hz
- 100 kHz - 1 MHz
Answer: 20 Hz - 20 kHz
Humans hear 20 Hz (bass) to 20,000 Hz (treble). Ultrasonic (>20 kHz) used in medical imaging; infrasonic (<20 Hz) from earthquakes. Important for acoustics. [[NCERT Physics Class 9]]
Bile is produced by the ________ and stored in the gallbladder.
- Pancreas
- Liver
- Stomach
- Small intestine
Answer: Liver
Liver synthesizes bile (contains bile salts for fat emulsification); gallbladder concentrates and stores it. Released into duodenum during digestion. Key for physiology. [[NCERT Biology Class 11]]
True or False: Thermosetting plastics can be remolded on heating.
- True
- False
Answer: False
Thermosets (Bakelite, melamine) have cross-linked polymers that don't soften on heating; they char. Thermoplastics (PE, PVC) soften and can be remolded. Important for materials science. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 12]]
The Great Indian Bustard, critically endangered, is the state bird of:
- Gujarat
- Rajasthan
- Haryana
- Punjab
Answer: Rajasthan
Great Indian Bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps) is Rajasthan's state bird. <150 individuals remain due to habitat loss, power lines. Conservation priority under Project Great Indian Bustard. [[MoEFCC, NCERT Biology Class 12]]
The frequency range of visible light is approximately ________ Hz.
- 10¹⁴
- 10¹⁶
- 10¹⁸
- 10²⁰
Answer: 10¹⁴
Visible light: 4×10¹⁴ Hz (red) to 8×10¹⁴ Hz (violet); wavelength 700-400 nm. Higher frequency than IR, lower than UV. Important for EM spectrum questions. [[NCERT Physics Class 12]]
True or False: Incomplete dominance results in a blended phenotype in heterozygotes.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Incomplete dominance: heterozygote shows intermediate phenotype (e.g., red × white snapdragon → pink). Differs from codominance (both alleles expressed, e.g., AB blood group). [[NCERT Biology Class 12]]
Which gas is primarily responsible for acid rain?
- CO₂
- SO₂
- CH₄
- N₂
Answer: SO₂
SO₂ and NOₓ from industries/vehicles react with atmospheric water to form H₂SO₄ and HNO₃, causing acid rain (pH < 5.6). Damages monuments, ecosystems, health. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 11, CPCB Reports]]