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Baking soda is chemically known as:
- Sodium carbonate
- Sodium bicarbonate
- Sodium hydroxide
- Sodium chloride
Answer: Sodium bicarbonate
Baking soda is NaHCO₃ (sodium hydrogen carbonate). It releases CO₂ when heated or mixed with acid, causing dough to rise. Common household chemical with exam relevance. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 10]]
Project Tiger was launched in India in the year ________.
- 1971
- 1973
- 1980
- 1992
Answer: 1973
Project Tiger launched on April 1, 1973, to conserve Bengal tigers and their habitats. India now has over 3,000 tigers (2022 census). Landmark conservation initiative. [[NTCA Reports, NCERT Biology Class 12]]
True or False: Work done by a force is zero if displacement is perpendicular to force.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Work W = F·d·cosθ. If θ=90°, cos90°=0, so W=0. Example: centripetal force does no work in circular motion. Key concept in mechanics. [[NCERT Physics Class 11]]
BCG vaccine is given to prevent:
- Polio
- Tuberculosis
- Measles
- Hepatitis B
Answer: Tuberculosis
BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) vaccine provides immunity against tuberculosis, especially severe forms in children. Part of India's Universal Immunization Programme. [[MoHFW Guidelines, NCERT Biology Class 12]]
The general formula for alkanes is ________.
- CₙH₂ₙ
- CₙH₂ₙ₊₂
- CₙH₂ₙ₋₂
- CₙHₙ
Answer: CₙH₂ₙ₊₂
Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with single bonds: CₙH₂ₙ₊₂ (e.g., methane CH₄, ethane C₂H₆). Alkenes: CₙH₂ₙ; Alkynes: CₙH₂ₙ₋₂. Foundational organic chemistry. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 11]]
True or False: 5G networks operate only on high-frequency millimeter waves.
- True
- False
Answer: False
5G uses three spectrum bands: low-band (<1 GHz), mid-band (1-6 GHz), and high-band mmWave (24-47 GHz). Each offers different coverage/speed trade-offs. Important for tech awareness. [[TRAI Reports, NITI Aayog]]
If the distance between two masses is doubled, the gravitational force becomes:
- Half
- Double
- One-fourth
- Four times
Answer: One-fourth
Newton's law: F ∝ 1/r². Doubling distance (r→2r) reduces force to F/4. Inverse-square law applies to gravity, light intensity, etc. [[NCERT Physics Class 11]]
Yeast used in baking and brewing belongs to the kingdom ________.
- Monera
- Protista
- Fungi
- Plantae
Answer: Fungi
Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is a unicellular fungus. It ferments sugars to produce CO₂ (leavens bread) and ethanol (in brewing). Important for applied biology. [[NCERT Biology Class 11]]
True or False: Oxidation involves gain of electrons.
- True
- False
Answer: False
Oxidation is loss of electrons (OIL: Oxidation Is Loss); reduction is gain of electrons (RIG). Mnemonic helps avoid confusion in redox reactions. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 11]]
The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) in India is headed by:
- President
- Prime Minister
- Home Minister
- Defense Minister
Answer: Prime Minister
NDMA, established under Disaster Management Act 2005, is chaired by the Prime Minister for policy planning and coordination of disaster response. Important for governance and current affairs. [[NDMA Guidelines, NCERT Geography Class 11]]
Which electromagnetic wave has the longest wavelength?
- Gamma rays
- X-rays
- Visible light
- Radio waves
Answer: Radio waves
EM spectrum order (longest to shortest wavelength): Radio > Microwave > IR > Visible > UV > X-ray > Gamma. Radio waves used in communication; gamma rays in cancer treatment. [[NCERT Physics Class 12]]
True or False: All mammals are viviparous.
- True
- False
Answer: False
Most mammals are viviparous (live birth), but monotremes like platypus and echidna are oviparous (egg-laying). Exceptions are important for taxonomy questions. [[NCERT Biology Class 11]]
Which compound gives violet color with neutral FeCl₃ solution?
- Ethanol
- Phenol
- Diethyl ether
- Methanol
Answer: Phenol
Phenol forms colored complexes with FeCl₃ (violet for phenol), used as a test for phenolic -OH group. Alcohols do not give this test. Important for organic qualitative analysis. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 12]]
Aadhaar is a ________-digit unique identity number issued by UIDAI.
- 10
- 12
- 14
- 16
Answer: 12
Aadhaar is a 12-digit biometric ID for Indian residents, enabling access to subsidies and services. Part of Digital India initiative for inclusive governance. [[UIDAI Reports, NCERT Computer Science]]
True or False: Displacement can be greater than distance traveled.
- True
- False
Answer: False
Displacement (shortest path) is always ≤ distance traveled (actual path). They are equal only for straight-line motion without direction change. Fundamental kinematics concept. [[NCERT Physics Class 11]]
Which method is a barrier method of contraception?
- Oral pills
- IUD
- Condom
- Sterilization
Answer: Condom
Condoms (male/female) physically block sperm-egg contact, also preventing STIs. Barrier methods differ from hormonal (pills) or surgical (sterilization) methods. Important for health awareness. [[NCERT Biology Class 12, MoHFW Guidelines]]
Adsorption of gases on solid surfaces is an ________ process.
- Endothermic
- Exothermic
- Isothermal
- Adiabatic
Answer: Exothermic
Adsorption releases heat (ΔH < 0) as gas molecules lose freedom on surface. Desorption is endothermic. Important for catalysis and purification processes. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 12]]
True or False: The safe limit for continuous noise exposure is 85 decibels for 8 hours.
- True
- False
Answer: True
As per WHO and CPCB, prolonged exposure above 85 dB can cause hearing damage. Noise pollution regulations limit industrial/residential noise levels. Important for environmental awareness. [[CPCB Guidelines, NCERT Geography Class 11]]
The phenomenon where light bends around obstacles is called:
- Reflection
- Refraction
- Diffraction
- Dispersion
Answer: Diffraction
Diffraction is the bending of waves around obstacles or through openings, characteristic of wave behavior. Explains patterns in single-slit experiments. Important for wave optics. [[NCERT Physics Class 12]]
The longest bone in the human body is the ________.
- Humerus
- Femur
- Tibia
- Fibula
Answer: Femur
Femur (thigh bone) is the longest and strongest bone, supporting body weight and enabling movement. Critical for anatomy questions in exams. [[NCERT Biology Class 11]]