Medium Level – GK Questions

Answer: False

DPDP Act 2023 received assent in August 2023 but provisions are being notified in phases. Rules for Data Protection Board, compliance requirements, and transitional arrangements are being finalized. Organizations must prepare for consent management, data principal rights, and breach reporting. Critical for legal compliance questions.

Answer: GIGW

GIGW (Guidelines for Indian Government Websites) 3.0 mandates WCAG 2.1 AA compliance for accessibility: keyboard navigation, alt text, color contrast, ARIA labels. Audited by NIC and MeitY. Ensures inclusive access to e-governance services for persons with disabilities. Critical for digital governance and compliance questions.

Answer: All of these

Flood forecasting integrates: hydrological models (rainfall-runoff simulation), weather radar (precipitation estimation), satellite altimetry (river levels), and IoT sensors (real-time gauges). CWC and IMD operate systems for major river basins. Critical for early warning and disaster risk reduction questions.

Answer: True

UPI's success (11+ billion monthly transactions) has led to international adoption: Singapore's PayNow-UPI linkage, UAE's integration, and discussions with France, UK, and others. NPCI International promotes UPI-like systems globally. Represents India's leadership in digital public infrastructure and fintech innovation.

Answer: PM-WANI

PM-WANI (Prime Minister's Wi-Fi Access Network Interface) enables public Wi-Fi hotspots via PDOs (Public Data Offices) using satellite/fiber backhaul. Aims to provide affordable internet access in rural/remote areas for education, telemedicine, and e-governance. Part of Digital India's connectivity pillar.

Answer: Live Caption

Live Caption (Android/iOS) uses on-device AI to generate real-time captions for any audio (calls, videos, podcasts), aiding hearing-impaired users. Works offline for privacy. Part of broader accessibility suite: screen readers, color correction, switch access. Critical for inclusive design and digital empowerment questions.

Answer: True

ITEWC (under INCOIS) operates seismic stations, bottom pressure recorders (tsunameters), and tide gauges to detect earthquakes and tsunami waves in Indian Ocean. Issues alerts within minutes to coastal authorities. Integrated with global warning systems. Critical for disaster preparedness and ocean technology questions.

Answer: Taiwan

Taiwan (TSMC) holds ~60% of global semiconductor foundry market and ~90% of advanced nodes (<7nm). Strategic importance drives global efforts (US CHIPS Act, India Semiconductor Mission) to diversify supply chains. Critical for understanding geopolitics of technology and supply chain resilience questions.

Answer: Artificial Intelligence / #AIforAll

#AIforAll strategy (NITI Aayog, 2018) focuses on leveraging AI for inclusive growth across healthcare, agriculture, education, smart cities, and mobility. Emphasizes research, skilling, data governance, and ethical principles. Updated frameworks address generative AI, data protection, and global cooperation. Critical for AI policy questions.

Answer: True

Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan implements Guidelines for Indian Government Websites (GIGW) 3.0, aligned with WCAG 2.1, ensuring websites/apps are perceivable, operable, understandable, and robust for persons with disabilities. Critical for inclusive digital governance and compliance with Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016.

Answer: All of these

Post-disaster assessment combines: satellite/drone imagery for wide-area coverage, AI for automated damage detection (buildings, roads), and GIS for spatial analysis and resource allocation. Used by NDMA, ISRO, and state agencies for rapid response. Critical for disaster management and geospatial technology questions.

Answer: O-RAN

O-RAN (Open Radio Access Network) Alliance promotes open interfaces, virtualization, and AI-driven optimization in mobile networks. Enables multi-vendor interoperability, innovation, and cost reduction. India actively participates to build indigenous 5G/6G ecosystem. Critical for telecom policy and technology sovereignty questions.

Answer: India Semiconductor Mission

India Semiconductor Mission (under MeitY) implements ₹76,000 crore incentive scheme for semiconductor fabs, display fabs, and design ecosystem. Partnerships with global players (TSMC, Micron) announced. Critical for reducing import dependence and building strategic technology self-reliance. Important for industrial policy questions.

Answer: All of these

Accessibility features combine: Screen Readers (TalkBack, VoiceOver) narrate UI elements, OCR converts images to speech, and Speech Synthesis provides audio feedback. Integrated into Android/iOS for inclusive digital access. Critical for digital inclusion and assistive technology questions under Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act.

Answer: IMD / ISRO

IMD (India Meteorological Department) uses INSAT/GSAT satellites, Doppler weather radars, and numerical models for cyclone tracking and flood forecasting. ISRO provides satellite data and infrastructure. Early warnings enable evacuation and disaster preparedness, saving lives and property. Critical for disaster management questions.

Answer: True

India achieved one of the world's fastest 5G rollouts, covering 300+ cities within 18 months of spectrum auction (2022-2024). Driven by competitive telecom operators, government policy support, and indigenous technology development. Important for telecom infrastructure and digital India questions.

Answer: SPADEX

SPADEX (Space Docking Experiment) successfully demonstrated autonomous rendezvous and docking of two spacecraft in Earth orbit in 2024. Critical technology for future space station modules, satellite servicing, and human spaceflight. Represents India's advancement in complex space operations. Important for ISRO current affairs questions.

Answer: bit

Bit (binary digit) is the smallest unit of data in computing, representing either 0 or 1. Eight bits make one byte. All digital information - text, images, audio, video - is ultimately stored and processed as sequences of bits.

Answer: False

HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) transmits data in plaintext, making it insecure for sensitive information. HTTPS (HTTP Secure) uses SSL/TLS encryption to protect data in transit. Always use HTTPS for login pages, payments, and personal data.

Answer: Authentication

Authentication is the process of verifying who a user claims to be, typically using passwords, biometrics, or tokens. It is distinct from authorization (what an authenticated user is allowed to do) and accounting (tracking user activities).