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'Bagurumba', a graceful dance imitating nature movements, is a traditional folk dance of which community?
- Bodo (Assam)
- Naga
- Mizo
- Garo
Answer: Bodo (Assam)
Bagurumba is the Bodo tribe's folk dance from Assam, performed by women in colorful attire. Movements mimic birds, flowers, and flowing water, celebrating harmony with nature. Recognized for preserving Bodo cultural identity.
'Theyyam', a ritual dance with elaborate makeup and deity impersonation, is predominantly practiced in which coastal region?
- North Kerala
- Coastal Karnataka
- Goa
- Odisha
Answer: North Kerala
Theyyam is a ritual art of North Kerala (Kannur, Kasaragod) where performers embody deities through vibrant costumes, face painting, and trance. Rooted in ancestor worship and folk Hinduism, it preserves pre-Brahminical traditions.
'Wood carving' of intricate deities and motifs, using walnut and deodar wood, is a traditional craft of which Himalayan region?
- Kashmir Valley
- Sikkim
- Arunachal Pradesh
- Uttarakhand
Answer: Kashmir Valley
Kashmir's wood carving tradition uses walnut, deodar, and chinar wood to create furniture, panels, and decorative items. Intricate motifs include chinar leaves, paisleys, and floral patterns, reflecting Persian and Central Asian influences.
'Ikat' weaving, where yarn is tie-dyed before weaving to create patterns, is traditionally practiced in which North-East state?
- Assam
- Nagaland
- Manipur
- Meghalaya
Answer: Assam
Assam's Ikat (locally called 'Bandha') involves resist-dyeing warp/weft yarns before weaving. Practiced by communities like the Bodo and Mishing, it produces intricate geometric patterns on silk and cotton textiles.
'Onam', the harvest festival featuring boat races and floral carpets (Pookalam), is celebrated in which state?
- Kerala
- Karnataka
- Goa
- Maharashtra
Answer: Kerala
Onam is Kerala's biggest festival, celebrating the mythical return of King Mahabali. Traditions include Vallamkali (snake boat races), Pookalam (flower rangoli), Sadya (grand feast), and Kaikottikali (women's dance).
'Jhora', a community circle dance with rhythmic clapping and singing, is a traditional folk dance of which Himalayan state?
- Uttarakhand
- Himachal Pradesh
- Sikkim
- Arunachal Pradesh
Answer: Uttarakhand
Jhora is Uttarakhand's communal folk dance performed during festivals like Harela and Baisakhi. Dancers form circles, clap rhythmically, and sing folk songs celebrating nature, harvest, and community bonds.
'Pena', a single-stringed musical instrument with a gourd resonator, is traditional to which state?
- Manipur
- Nagaland
- Assam
- Meghalaya
Answer: Manipur
Pena is Manipur's traditional string instrument, played by Meitei communities. Its melancholic sound accompanies folk songs, epics, and ritual performances. Master artists like Ningthoujam Khelchandra have revived this endangered craft.
'Coir craft', using coconut fiber for mats, ropes, and decor, is a traditional industry of which coastal state?
- Kerala
- Goa
- Odisha
- West Bengal
Answer: Kerala
Kerala's coir industry, centered in Alappuzha, uses coconut husk fiber to make mats, ropes, and handicrafts. The eco-friendly craft supports rural livelihoods and received GI tag for specific regional products.
'Nati', a folk dance performed in circles with rhythmic clapping, is the traditional dance of which Himalayan state?
- Himachal Pradesh
- Uttarakhand
- Sikkim
- Arunachal Pradesh
Answer: Himachal Pradesh
Nati is Himachal Pradesh's iconic folk dance, performed at festivals and weddings. Recognized by Guinness World Records as the largest folk dance, it features colorful costumes, rhythmic steps, and community participation.
'Sekrenyi', a purification festival marking the new year, is celebrated by which Naga tribe?
- Angami
- Ao
- Sema
- Lotha
Answer: Angami
Sekrenyi is the Angami Naga tribe's festival of renewal (February), involving rituals, feasting, and traditional dances. It symbolizes cleansing of the community and preparation for the agricultural cycle.
'Lavani', a powerful folk dance combining song and rhythmic movement, is traditionally performed in which state?
- Maharashtra
- Goa
- Karnataka
- Kerala
Answer: Maharashtra
Lavani is Maharashtra's energetic folk dance performed by women to dholki beats. Known for expressive gestures and social commentary, it was historically performed by female artists in royal courts and rural gatherings.
'Pashmina' wool, used for luxury shawls, is obtained from which high-altitude goat breed?
- Changthangi
- Bakarwal
- Gaddi
- Chegu
Answer: Changthangi
Changthangi goat, native to Ladakh's Changthang plateau, produces ultra-fine Pashmina wool (12-15 microns). The wool is hand-spun and woven in Kashmir, creating shawls prized globally for warmth and softness.
'Bamboo and Cane craft', recognized for intricate weaving and utility items, is a traditional specialty of which region?
- North-East India
- Coastal Kerala
- Rajasthan Desert
- Punjab Plains
Answer: North-East India
North-East states (Assam, Nagaland, Mizoram, etc.) excel in bamboo/cane craft: baskets, furniture, musical instruments. The craft is eco-friendly, supports rural livelihoods, and received GI recognition for specific regional styles.
'Bhoota Kola', a spirit worship ritual with dance and oracle, is predominantly practiced in which coastal region?
- Tulu Nadu (Coastal Karnataka)
- Konkan Coast
- Coromandel Coast
- Malabar Coast
Answer: Tulu Nadu (Coastal Karnataka)
Bhoota Kola is a ritual art of Tulu Nadu (Dakshina Kannada, Udupi) where performers embody local deities through dance, music, and trance. It preserves pre-Brahminical folk traditions and community justice mechanisms.
'Rabab', a plucked string instrument with a wooden body and skin membrane, is central to the folk music of which region?
- Kashmir
- Sikkim
- Arunachal Pradesh
- Uttarakhand
Answer: Kashmir
Rabab is Kashmir's traditional lute-like instrument, used in Sufiana Mausiqi and folk songs. Its soulful sound accompanies poetry of Lal Ded and Habba Khatoon, reflecting Kashmir's syncretic musical heritage.
'Thang-Ta', a martial art combining armed and unarmed combat, is traditionally practiced in which state?
- Manipur
- Nagaland
- Assam
- Meghalaya
Answer: Manipur
Thang-Ta (Manipuri martial art) uses sword (thang) and spear (ta) alongside unarmed techniques. It is performed as ritual dance (Sarit Sarak) and competitive sport, preserving Manipur's warrior heritage.
'Kath-Kuni' architecture, using interlocked wood and stone without mortar, is traditional to which Himalayan state?
- Himachal Pradesh
- Kerala
- Goa
- Odisha
Answer: Himachal Pradesh
Kath-Kuni is a seismic-resistant architectural style of Himachal Pradesh, using alternating layers of wood and stone. It provides insulation against cold and flexibility during earthquakes, reflecting indigenous engineering wisdom.
'Losar', the Tibetan New Year festival, is celebrated with masked dances and butter lamp offerings in which regions?
- Ladakh, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh
- Uttarakhand, Himachal only
- Nepal, Bhutan only
- All Himalayan states
Answer: Ladakh, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh
Losar marks the Tibetan Buddhist New Year, celebrated in Ladakh, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh. Rituals include Cham dances, prayer flag hoisting, and community feasts, following the Tibetan lunar calendar.
'Eri silk', known as 'Ahimsa silk' because it is harvested without killing silkworms, is traditionally produced in which state?
- Assam
- Nagaland
- Manipur
- Meghalaya
Answer: Assam
Eri silk (Endi) from Assam is produced by domesticating Samia ricini silkworms that feed on castor leaves. As pupae are not killed during harvesting, it is called Ahimsa silk. Received GI tag in 2007.
'Oppana', a song-and-dance tradition performed at Muslim weddings, is predominantly practiced in which coastal state?
- Kerala
- Karnataka
- Goa
- Maharashtra
Answer: Kerala
Oppana is a celebratory folk art of Kerala's Mappila community, performed by women at weddings. Dancers clap and move in circles while singing poetic songs in Arabi-Malayalam, blending Islamic and local traditions.