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Which ILO convention is considered a fundamental convention addressing the elimination of forced or compulsory labour?
- Convention No. 87 (Freedom of Association)
- Convention No. 98 (Right to Organise)
- Convention No. 29 (Forced Labour)
- Convention No. 100 (Equal Remuneration)
Answer: Convention No. 29 (Forced Labour)
ILO Convention No. 29 (1930) on Forced Labour, along with Convention No. 105 (1957) on Abolition of Forced Labour, are fundamental conventions requiring members to suppress the use of forced or compulsory labour in all its forms.
Under the IPPC, National Plant Protection Organizations (NPPOs) are responsible for issuing _____, which certify that plants or plant products meet phytosanitary import requirements.
- Health certificates
- Phytosanitary certificates
- Quality assurance certificates
- Origin certificates
Answer: Phytosanitary certificates
Phytosanitary certificates, issued by NPPOs under IPPC framework, attest that consignments of plants or plant products have been inspected and are free from regulated pests, facilitating safe international trade while protecting plant health.
IHO's standards ensure that nautical charts and publications are consistent globally, which is critical for the safety of navigation and protection of the marine environment.
- True
- False
Answer: True
IHO develops and maintains international hydrographic standards (S-100 series) to ensure uniformity in charting, promoting safe navigation, efficient maritime operations, and environmental protection through consistent geospatial data.
Which IOSCO principle emphasizes the importance of regulatory independence and adequate resources for securities regulators?
- Principle of Market Efficiency
- Principle of Regulatory Independence
- Principle of Investor Protection
- Principle of Systemic Risk Mitigation
Answer: Principle of Regulatory Independence
IOSCO's Objectives and Principles of Securities Regulation include the principle that the regulator should be operationally independent, accountable, and have adequate powers, resources, and capacity to discharge its functions.
IEA member countries are required to hold oil stocks equivalent to at least _____ days of net oil imports as a collective emergency response measure.
- 30
- 60
- 90
- 120
Answer: 90
As part of IEA's energy security mandate, member countries must maintain emergency oil reserves equivalent to at least 90 days of net oil imports, which can be released collectively during major supply disruptions.
The IMO's International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) is the main international convention covering prevention of pollution of the marine environment by ships.
- True
- False
Answer: True
MARPOL, adopted under IMO auspices in 1973 and modified by the 1978 Protocol, is the principal international treaty preventing pollution from ships by oil, chemicals, sewage, garbage, and air emissions.
UNIDO, which promotes inclusive and sustainable industrial development, became a specialized agency of the UN in the year _____.
- 1975
- 1985
- 1995
- 2005
Answer: 1985
UNIDO was established as a UN organ in 1966 and became a specialized agency in 1985. Headquartered in Vienna, it assists countries in pursuing inclusive and sustainable industrial development (ISID).
The IPPC is an international plant health agreement overseen by the FAO to prevent the spread of pests and protect plant resources.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC), established in 1952 and administered by FAO, is a multilateral treaty that aims to protect cultivated and wild plants by preventing the introduction and spread of pests.
IOSCO, the international body that brings together securities regulators, was established in which year?
- 1973
- 1983
- 1993
- 2003
Answer: 1983
IOSCO was established in 1983 and is headquartered in Madrid, Spain. It develops international standards for securities regulation, promotes market integrity, and enhances investor protection globally.
Which organization coordinates the surveying and charting of the world's oceans and ensures uniformity in nautical charts and documents?
- IMO
- IHO
- ICAO
- WMO
Answer: IHO
The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), established in 1921 and headquartered in Monaco, coordinates national hydrographic offices, ensures uniformity in nautical charts, and adopts efficient surveying methods.
The World Customs Organization (WCO), which develops international customs standards, is headquartered in _____, Belgium.
- Antwerp
- Brussels
- Ghent
- Liège
Answer: Brussels
WCO, established in 1952 as the Customs Co-operation Council, is headquartered in Brussels, Belgium. It develops conventions and instruments on customs procedures, commodity classification, valuation, and trade facilitation.
The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) is an intergovernmental organization founded in 1989 on the initiative of which group?
- UN Security Council
- G7
- BRICS
- Commonwealth
Answer: G7
FATF was established in 1989 by the G7 to develop policies to combat money laundering. Its mandate was expanded in 2001 to include terrorist financing. It sets international standards and promotes effective implementation of legal, regulatory, and operational measures.
The International Seabed Authority (ISA), established under UNCLOS, is headquartered in _____, Jamaica.
- Montego Bay
- Kingston
- Ocho Rios
- Negril
Answer: Kingston
ISA, established in 1994 under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), is headquartered in Kingston, Jamaica. It organizes and controls mineral resource activities in the international seabed area.
Which international organization, established in 2011, promotes the widespread adoption and sustainable use of all forms of renewable energy?
- IEA
- IRENA
- UNEP
- WMO
Answer: IRENA
IRENA (International Renewable Energy Agency) was established in 2011 and is headquartered in Abu Dhabi, UAE. It supports countries in their transition to sustainable energy futures through policy advice, capacity building, and knowledge sharing.
OPCW, which implements the Chemical Weapons Convention, was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in the year _____.
- 2005
- 2010
- 2013
- 2017
Answer: 2013
The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) received the 2013 Nobel Peace Prize for its extensive work in eliminating chemical weapons globally and verifying compliance with the Chemical Weapons Convention.
The International Criminal Court (ICC) was established by which treaty?
- Geneva Conventions
- Rome Statute
- Vienna Convention
- Paris Agreement
Answer: Rome Statute
The ICC was established by the Rome Statute, adopted in 1998 and entered into force in 2002. It is the first permanent international court with jurisdiction over genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and aggression.
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the oldest existing international organization, was founded in _____ as the International Telegraph Union.
- 1855
- 1865
- 1875
- 1885
Answer: 1865
ITU was founded on May 17, 1865, in Paris as the International Telegraph Union. It became a UN specialized agency in 1947 and is headquartered in Geneva, coordinating global telecom networks and services.
Which international organization sets global standards for aviation safety, security, efficiency, and environmental protection?
- IATA
- ICAO
- FAA
- EASA
Answer: ICAO
ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization), a UN specialized agency established in 1944, sets international standards and regulations for civil aviation. IATA is an industry trade association, not a regulatory body.
The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) reports directly to the UN Security Council on all nuclear matters.
- True
- False
Answer: False
The IAEA reports to both the UN General Assembly and Security Council, but it is an autonomous international organization. It reports to the Security Council specifically on safeguard violations or non-compliance issues.
Where is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations, the International Court of Justice (ICJ), located?
- New York, USA
- Geneva, Switzerland
- The Hague, Netherlands
- Vienna, Austria
Answer: The Hague, Netherlands
The ICJ, also known as the World Court, is located in the Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands. It is the only principal UN organ not located in New York.