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The _______ is the largest national park in West Bengal.
- Sundarbans
- Gorumara
- Jaldapara
- Buxa
Answer: Sundarbans
Sundarbans National Park in West Bengal is the largest national park in the state (1,330 sq km). It is part of the world's largest mangrove forest and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The park is famous for the Royal Bengal Tiger and estuarine crocodiles.
Which is the capital of Romania?
- Sofia
- Bucharest
- Belgrade
- Budapest
Answer: Bucharest
Bucharest is the capital and largest city of Romania, located on the Dâmbovița River. Known as 'Little Paris' for its architecture, it is a major economic and cultural hub in Southeastern Europe. The Palace of the Parliament is one of the world's largest buildings.
The Mohorovičić discontinuity is named after a Croatian seismologist.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The Mohorovičić discontinuity (Moho) is named after Croatian seismologist Andrija Mohorovičić, who discovered it in 1909. It marks the boundary between Earth's crust and mantle, identified by a sudden increase in seismic wave velocity.
Which Indian state is the largest producer of mustard?
- Rajasthan
- Haryana
- Uttar Pradesh
- Madhya Pradesh
Answer: Rajasthan
Rajasthan is the largest producer of mustard (rapeseed) in India, contributing about 40% of national production. Major mustard-growing districts are Bharatpur, Alwar, and Sawai Madhopur. Mustard oil is a key cooking oil in North India.
The _______ is the most literate union territory in India.
- Lakshadweep
- Puducherry
- Delhi
- Chandigarh
Answer: Lakshadweep
Lakshadweep has the highest literacy rate among union territories in India (91.85% as per 2011 Census). The islands have invested in education despite their remote location. Malayalam and English are the main languages spoken.
Which river is known as the 'River of Life' in Egypt?
- Nile
- Blue Nile
- White Nile
- Atbara
Answer: Nile
The Nile River is called the 'River of Life' in Egypt as it has sustained civilization for over 5,000 years. Its annual floods deposited fertile silt, enabling agriculture. The Aswan High Dam now controls flooding and generates hydropower.
The Shivalik Hills are the outermost range of the Himalayas.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The Shivalik Hills (Outer Himalayas) are the southernmost and youngest range of the Himalayas, formed 2-20 million years ago. They are composed of unconsolidated sediments and are prone to landslides. The Shivaliks extend from Jammu to Assam.
Which sanctuary is famous for the Indian python?
- National Chambal
- Bhitarkanika
- Sultanpur
- All of these
Answer: All of these
All three—National Chambal, Bhitarkanika, and Sultanpur—are important habitats for the Indian python. This large non-venomous snake is protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act. Conservation focuses on reducing human-snake conflict.
The _______ is the largest lake in Australia.
- Lake Eyre
- Lake Torrens
- Lake Gairdner
- Lake Frome
Answer: Lake Eyre
Lake Eyre (Kati Thanda) is the largest lake in Australia (9,500 sq km when full), located in South Australia. It is usually dry and fills only during heavy rainfall. The lake is a sacred site for Aboriginal people and an important wetland for birds.
Which phenomenon causes 'Amphan' cyclones in the Bay of Bengal?
- Warm sea surface temperatures
- Low wind shear
- High humidity
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Cyclones like Amphan form in the Bay of Bengal due to warm sea surface temperatures (>26.5°C), low vertical wind shear, and high humidity. These conditions provide energy for cyclone development. Climate change may increase cyclone intensity.
The Red Sea separates Africa and Asia.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The Red Sea separates Africa (Egypt, Sudan, Eritrea) from Asia (Saudi Arabia, Yemen). It connects to the Mediterranean via the Suez Canal and to the Indian Ocean via the Bab el-Mandeb Strait. The sea is known for its high salinity and coral reefs.
Which is India's first commercial carbon capture project location?
- Gujarat
- Tamil Nadu
- Maharashtra
- West Bengal
Answer: Gujarat
India's first commercial carbon capture and utilization project was established in Gujarat by ONGC. It captures CO2 from industrial emissions for enhanced oil recovery. Carbon capture technology is crucial for India's net-zero emissions target by 2070.
The _______ is the largest national park in Assam.
- Kaziranga
- Manas
- Nameri
- Dibru-Saikhowa
Answer: Manas
Manas National Park in Assam is the largest national park in the state (950 sq km). It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Tiger Reserve, and Biosphere Reserve. The park is named after the Manas River and supports rare species like the Golden Langur.
Which is the capital of Hungary?
- Prague
- Budapest
- Bucharest
- Sofia
Answer: Budapest
Budapest is the capital and largest city of Hungary, located on the Danube River. Formed by the merger of Buda and Pest in 1873, it is known for its thermal springs, historic architecture, and as a cultural hub in Central Europe.
India is the largest producer of castor oil seeds in the world.
- True
- False
Answer: True
India is the largest producer of castor oil seeds globally, contributing about 80% of world production. Major producing states are Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Andhra Pradesh. Castor oil is used in pharmaceuticals, lubricants, and biodiesel.
Which landform is created by wave erosion?
- Sea Arch
- Sandbar
- Spit
- Tombolo
Answer: Sea Arch
Sea arches are formed by wave erosion attacking weaknesses in coastal cliffs. When the arch collapses, it forms a sea stack. Sandbars, spits, and tombolos are depositional landforms created by longshore drift.
The _______ River is known as the 'Lifeline of Kerala'.
- Periyar
- Bharathapuzha
- Pamba
- Chaliyar
Answer: Periyar
The Periyar River is called the 'Lifeline of Kerala' as it provides water for irrigation, drinking, and hydropower. It is the longest river in Kerala (244 km) and supports the state's agriculture and industry. The Periyar Tiger Reserve is located on its banks.
Which country has the most UNESCO Biosphere Reserves?
- USA
- Russia
- Spain
- India
Answer: Spain
Spain has the most UNESCO Biosphere Reserves (53 as of 2024), followed by Russia and the USA. Biosphere Reserves promote sustainable development and conservation. India has 18 Biosphere Reserves including Nilgiri, Sundarbans, and Gulf of Mannar.
The Western Coastal Plain is narrower than the Eastern Coastal Plain.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The Western Coastal Plain (50-80 km wide) is narrower than the Eastern Coastal Plain (100-130 km wide). The Western Plain is bordered by the steep Western Ghats, while the Eastern Plain has wider deltas formed by major rivers.
Which sanctuary is famous for the Indian gray hornbill?
- Vedanthangal
- Point Calimere
- Guindy
- All of these
Answer: All of these
All three sanctuaries in Tamil Nadu—Vedanthangal, Point Calimere, and Guindy—are important habitats for the Indian gray hornbill. This bird is an indicator of forest health and plays a key role in seed dispersal.