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Generate QuizEnvironment – GK Questions
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Which of the following is a key objective of the 'National Action Plan on Climate Change' (NAPCC) regarding disaster management?
- Ignoring climate-related disasters
- Integrating climate change adaptation into disaster risk reduction strategies
- Promoting construction in floodplains
- Reducing investment in early warning systems
Answer: Integrating climate change adaptation into disaster risk reduction strategies
NAPCC recognizes that climate change intensifies disasters; thus, adaptation measures are integrated into DRM to build resilience.
The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) is responsible for issuing weather forecasts and warnings for cyclones and extreme weather events.
- True
- False
Answer: True
IMD monitors weather systems, provides forecasts, and issues warnings to enable preparedness and response to meteorological hazards.
Which of the following is a non-structural measure for flood management?
- Building dams and embankments
- Flood forecasting, zoning regulations, and public awareness
- Dredging rivers
- Constructing levees
Answer: Flood forecasting, zoning regulations, and public awareness
Non-structural measures use policy, planning, and information to reduce flood risk without physical infrastructure, complementing structural approaches.
The Disaster Management Act was enacted by the Indian Parliament in the year _____.
- 2000
- 2005
- 2010
- 2015
Answer: 2005
The Disaster Management Act 2005 provides a legal and institutional framework for disaster management at national, state, and district levels.
Which of the following is a measure for drought mitigation in agriculture?
- Growing water-intensive crops
- Adopting drought-resistant crop varieties and efficient irrigation
- Clearing forests for more farmland
- Over-extracting groundwater
Answer: Adopting drought-resistant crop varieties and efficient irrigation
Climate-resilient crops and water-saving techniques like drip irrigation help farmers cope with water scarcity during droughts.
Urban flooding in Indian cities is often exacerbated by encroachment on natural drainage channels and wetlands.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Filling lakes, concreting over drains, and unplanned urbanization reduce infiltration and block natural water flow, increasing flood vulnerability.
Which of the following is a key component of the 'Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030'?
- Focus solely on post-disaster relief
- Understanding disaster risk, strengthening governance, and investing in resilience
- Promoting hazardous construction in vulnerable areas
- Reducing international cooperation
Answer: Understanding disaster risk, strengthening governance, and investing in resilience
The Sendai Framework emphasizes proactive risk reduction, multi-hazard approaches, and building back better to minimize disaster losses.
The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) in India is headed by the _____ of India.
- President
- Prime Minister
- Home Minister
- Environment Minister
Answer: Prime Minister
NDMA, established under the Disaster Management Act 2005, is chaired by the Prime Minister to coordinate disaster response and mitigation.
Early warning systems for cyclones have significantly reduced mortality in coastal India in recent decades.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Improved forecasting, communication, and evacuation protocols by IMD and NDMA have enhanced preparedness and saved lives during cyclones.
Which of the following is a primary cause of landslides in the Himalayan region?
- Flat terrain
- Deforestation, unscientific construction, and heavy rainfall
- Low seismic activity
- Absence of rivers
Answer: Deforestation, unscientific construction, and heavy rainfall
Removal of vegetation, slope cutting for roads/buildings, and intense monsoon rains destabilize slopes, triggering landslides in fragile Himalayas.
Which of the following is an application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in environmental management?
- Predicting stock market trends
- Mapping land use changes, biodiversity hotspots, and pollution sources
- Designing fashion collections
- Managing social media campaigns
Answer: Mapping land use changes, biodiversity hotspots, and pollution sources
GIS enables spatial analysis and visualization of environmental data for informed decision-making in conservation, planning, and monitoring.
Rainwater harvesting systems can be integrated into building design to reduce dependence on municipal water supply.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Building-integrated rainwater harvesting collects roof runoff for non-potable uses or groundwater recharge, enhancing water security.
Which of the following is a characteristic of a 'Smart Grid' in the energy sector?
- One-way flow of electricity from plant to consumer
- Integration of renewable energy, two-way communication, and demand response capabilities
- Exclusive use of fossil fuels
- No monitoring of power quality
Answer: Integration of renewable energy, two-way communication, and demand response capabilities
Smart grids use digital technology to optimize electricity distribution, integrate renewables, and enable consumer participation in energy management.
The 'FAME India' scheme promotes the adoption of _____ vehicles through subsidies and infrastructure development.
- Petrol
- Diesel
- Electric and Hybrid
- CNG only
Answer: Electric and Hybrid
Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric Vehicles (FAME) supports EV market growth to reduce fossil fuel dependence and emissions.
Which of the following is a benefit of using LED lighting over incandescent bulbs?
- Higher energy consumption
- Shorter lifespan
- Lower energy consumption and longer lifespan
- Higher heat emission
Answer: Lower energy consumption and longer lifespan
LEDs use up to 90% less energy and last 25 times longer than incandescent bulbs, reducing electricity demand and waste.
Biofuels produced from algae have the potential to yield more energy per hectare than traditional crop-based biofuels.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Algae can grow rapidly in non-arable land using wastewater or seawater, offering higher oil yields without competing with food crops.
Which of the following is a limitation of current battery technology for large-scale renewable energy storage?
- High efficiency
- High cost, limited lifespan, and resource constraints for materials like lithium
- Excessive energy density
- Universal recyclability
Answer: High cost, limited lifespan, and resource constraints for materials like lithium
Battery storage faces challenges of cost, degradation over cycles, and supply chain issues for critical minerals, driving research into alternatives.
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology aims to capture CO2 emissions from industrial sources and store them _____ to prevent atmospheric release.
- In the ocean surface
- Underground in geological formations
- In the atmosphere
- In landfills
Answer: Underground in geological formations
CCS involves capturing CO2, transporting it, and injecting it into deep rock formations for long-term isolation from the atmosphere.
Green buildings are designed to minimize resource consumption and environmental impact throughout their lifecycle.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Green buildings use energy-efficient systems, sustainable materials, water conservation, and waste reduction strategies for lower ecological footprint.
Which of the following is an example of a green technology for transportation?
- Diesel-powered trucks
- Electric vehicles powered by renewable energy
- Coal-based thermal locomotives
- Petrol two-wheelers
Answer: Electric vehicles powered by renewable energy
EVs powered by clean electricity reduce tailpipe emissions and greenhouse gases, contributing to sustainable urban mobility.