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Generate QuizEnvironment – Fill in the Blank – GK Questions
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The term 'Ecological Footprint' measures the demand on Earth's ecosystems by comparing human resource consumption with the planet's _____ capacity.
- Production
- Biocapacity
- Extraction
- Import
Answer: Biocapacity
Ecological footprint quantifies how much biologically productive area is needed to provide resources and absorb waste generated by a population.
The concept of 'Carrying Capacity' in sustainable development refers to the maximum population size of a species that an environment can sustain _____.
- Temporarily
- Indefinitely
- With external aid
- Through migration
Answer: Indefinitely
Carrying capacity is the maximum population an ecosystem can support indefinitely without degradation of resources.
The 'Swachh Bharat Mission' launched in 2014 aims to achieve a clean India by focusing on _____ management and sanitation.
- Water
- Waste
- Air
- Noise
Answer: Waste
Swachh Bharat Mission focuses on solid and liquid waste management, eliminating open defecation, and promoting behavioral change.
The Chipko Movement, which began in the 1970s in Uttarakhand, was inspired by the teachings of _____, a Gandhian environmentalist.
- Vinoba Bhave
- Sunderlal Bahuguna
- Jayaprakash Narayan
- Ram Manohar Lohia
Answer: Sunderlal Bahuguna
Sunderlal Bahuguna was a key leader of the Chipko Movement, advocating for forest conservation through non-violent resistance.
The device used to convert mechanical energy from wind into electrical energy is called a wind _____.
- Pump
- Mill
- Turbine
- Generator
Answer: Turbine
Wind turbines capture kinetic energy from wind, rotating blades that drive a generator to produce electricity.
The process of converting organic material into a combustible gas mixture (mainly methane and CO2) through anaerobic digestion is called _____.
- Gasification
- Pyrolysis
- Biogas production
- Fermentation
Answer: Biogas production
Biogas is produced when microorganisms break down organic matter in the absence of oxygen, yielding a clean-burning fuel.
The first Marine National Park in India was established in the Gulf of _____ in Gujarat.
- Mannar
- Kutch
- Khambhat
- Palk
Answer: Kutch
The Marine National Park in the Gulf of Kutch was established in 1982 to protect coral reefs, mangroves, and marine biodiversity.
The only floating national park in the world, Keibul Lamjao, is located on _____ Lake in Manipur.
- Wular
- Dal
- Loktak
- Chilika
Answer: Loktak
Keibul Lamjao National Park consists of phumdis (floating vegetation) on Loktak Lake, the largest freshwater lake in Northeast India.
The Aichi Biodiversity Targets were adopted under the _____ at its 10th Conference of Parties in 2010.
- UNFCCC
- Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
- Ramsar Convention
- CITES
Answer: Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
The 20 Aichi Targets aimed to address biodiversity loss by 2020; they were part of the CBD's Strategic Plan for Biodiversity.
The Minamata Convention, which entered into force in 2017, aims to protect human health and the environment from anthropogenic emissions and releases of _____.
- Lead
- Mercury
- Arsenic
- Cadmium
Answer: Mercury
The Minamata Convention addresses mercury pollution from sources like coal plants, mining, and products, named after the Japanese city affected by mercury poisoning.
The concept of 'Environmental Impact Assessment' (EIA) in India is legally backed by the _____ Notification, 2006.
- Forest Conservation
- EIA
- Coastal Regulation Zone
- Wildlife Protection
Answer: EIA
The EIA Notification 2006 mandates environmental clearance for specified projects after assessing potential impacts and mitigation measures.
The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 provides for the establishment of _____ to protect wildlife.
- Zoos only
- National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries
- Botanical Gardens
- Aquariums
Answer: National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries
The Act enables the creation of protected areas like National Parks, Sanctuaries, and Conservation Reserves for wildlife conservation.
The term 'Net Zero' emissions refers to balancing the amount of greenhouse gases produced with the amount _____ from the atmosphere.
- Produced
- Removed
- Stored
- Converted
Answer: Removed
Net zero means any emissions are balanced by absorption/removal, often through forests, carbon capture, or other sinks.
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was established by the United Nations Environment Programme and the _____ in 1988.
- World Bank
- World Meteorological Organization
- UNESCO
- WHO
Answer: World Meteorological Organization
IPCC assesses scientific information on climate change and provides policymakers with regular assessments to inform climate policy.
The phenomenon where pollutants become more concentrated at higher trophic levels in a food chain is called biological _____.
- Degradation
- Magnification
- Dilution
- Accumulation
Answer: Magnification
Biomagnification causes toxins like DDT or mercury to increase in concentration as they move up the food chain, affecting top predators most.
The Air Quality Index (AQI) in India categorizes air quality into _____ levels, ranging from 'Good' to 'Severe'.
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
Answer: 6
India's AQI has six categories: Good, Satisfactory, Moderately polluted, Poor, Very Poor, and Severe, based on pollutant concentrations.
The Great Indian Bustard, a critically endangered bird, is the state bird of _____.
- Gujarat
- Rajasthan
- Haryana
- Punjab
Answer: Rajasthan
The Great Indian Bustard is Rajasthan's state bird and is among the heaviest flying birds, now critically endangered due to habitat loss.
The practice of protecting species by conserving their natural habitats is known as _____ conservation.
- Ex-situ
- In-situ
- Cryo
- Captive
Answer: In-situ
In-situ conservation protects species within their natural ecosystems, such as through national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
The process by which green plants convert light energy into chemical energy is called _____.
- Respiration
- Photosynthesis
- Transpiration
- Fermentation
Answer: Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis uses sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose and oxygen, forming the base of most food chains.
The functional unit of nature where living organisms interact among themselves and with the physical environment is called an _____.
- Biome
- Ecosystem
- Habitat
- Community
Answer: Ecosystem
An ecosystem includes both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components interacting as a functional unit.