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India's Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) including Aadhaar, UPI, and DigiLocker aims to improve service delivery, but raises concerns about privacy and exclusion of digitally marginalized populations, requiring constitutional safeguards based on principles of transparency, accountability, and non-discrimination.
- True
- False
Answer: True
DPI benefits and constitutional safeguards: (a) Benefits: (i) Efficient service delivery (DBT, e-governance), (ii) Financial inclusion (UPI), (iii) Reduced corruption (Aadhaar authentication), (iv) Data-driven governance enables targeted welfare, (b) Challenges: (i) Digital divide excludes elderly, rural, disabled populations, (ii) Surveillance risks (Aadhaar, facial recognition) threaten privacy, (iii) Algorithmic bias may perpetuate discrimination, (iv) Data breaches compromise security, (c) Constitutional safeguards: (i) Transparency: Clear rules on data collection/use, public oversight, (ii) Accountability: Redressal mechanisms, liability for harms, (iii) Non-discrimination: Inclusive design, accessibility standards, bias audits, (iv) Proportionality: Benefits must outweigh privacy intrusion (Puttaswamy test), (d) DPDP Act, 2023: Framework for balancing innovation with rights protection. Illustrates technology-governance interface: DPI enables rights realization but requires safeguards to prevent harm.