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In which case did the Supreme Court hold that the Preamble is part of the Constitution and can be used to interpret ambiguous provisions?
- Berubari Union case (1960)
- Kesavananda Bharati case (1973)
- Minerva Mills case (1980)
- Indira Gandhi case (1975)
Answer: Kesavananda Bharati case (1973)
Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973): 13-judge bench overruled Berubari (1960) and held: (a) Preamble is part of the Constitution, (b) It can be used to interpret ambiguous statutory and constitutional provisions, (c) However, Preamble itself is not a source of substantive power or limitation, (d) Preamble can be amended under Article 368 but basic structure cannot be altered. Established Preamble's interpretive role in constitutional jurisprudence.