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Which statement best captures India's approach to borrowing constitutional features from other democracies?
- India copied provisions verbatim without adaptation
- India selectively borrowed features, adapting them to Indian context of diversity, post-colonial nation-building, and social transformation
- India rejected all foreign influences to create a purely indigenous Constitution
- India borrowed only from Western democracies, ignoring Asian/African experiences
Answer: India selectively borrowed features, adapting them to Indian context of diversity, post-colonial nation-building, and social transformation
Indian Constitution's comparative approach: (a) Selective borrowing: Took best practices from multiple democracies (UK parliamentary system, US Fundamental Rights, Irish DPSP, Canadian federalism, etc.), (b) Contextual adaptation: Modified borrowed features for Indian realities - e.g., parliamentary system with written Constitution, Fundamental Rights with reasonable restrictions, federalism with strong Centre, (c) Transformative vision: Used constitutional design to address colonial legacy, social inequalities, linguistic diversity, economic underdevelopment. Result: Unique constitutional model blending global wisdom with indigenous needs; living document evolving through amendments, judicial interpretation, and democratic practice.