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The era of coalition governments in India (post-1989) has led to which significant change in parliamentary practice?
- Abolition of no-confidence motions
- Increased importance of consensus-building and pre-poll/post-poll alliances
- Reduction in number of political parties
- Elimination of regional parties
Answer: Increased importance of consensus-building and pre-poll/post-poll alliances
Post-1989 electoral trends: No single party secured Lok Sabha majority, leading to coalition governments. Consequences: (a) Greater emphasis on alliance management, common minimum programmes, (b) Enhanced role of regional parties in national governance, (c) More consultative decision-making, (d) Instability risks balanced by power-sharing. Reflects India's diverse federal polity; requires political maturity for stable governance.