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The 'Chauth' and 'Sardeshmukhi' were taxes collected by the Marathas from:
- Their own territories
- Neighboring Mughal provinces
- Portuguese settlements
- British East India Company
Answer: Neighboring Mughal provinces
Chauth (25% of revenue) and Sardeshmukhi (10% extra) were taxes levied by Marathas on neighboring Mughal territories in exchange for protection from raids. This system funded Maratha expansion. [[1]]