In S.P. Gupta v. Union of India (1981), the Supreme Court relaxed the rule of ______ to allow public…

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In S.P. Gupta v. Union of India (1981), the Supreme Court relaxed the rule of ______ to allow public-spirited persons to file petitions for enforcement of rights of disadvantaged groups, pioneering Public Interest Litigation in India.

stare decisis
locus standi
natural justice
separation of powers

Answer: locus standi

S.P. Gupta (First Judges Case, 1981): SC relaxed locus standi (personal injury requirement), allowing any citizen/public-spirited organization to file petition for enforcement of rights of persons unable to approach court due to poverty, ignorance, or social disadvantage. Transformed judicial role from dispute resolution to social justice delivery; foundation of PIL jurisprudence in India.

Topic Public Interest Litigation - S.P. Gupta Case

Exam Relevance PIL evolution case critical for UPSC Mains and advanced SSC exams

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GK Question

In S.P. Gupta v. Union of India (1981), the Supreme Court relaxed the rule of ______ to allow public-spirited persons to file petitions for enforcement of rights of disadvantaged groups, pioneering Public Interest Litigation in India.