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In Minerva Mills v. Union of India (1980), the Supreme Court struck down parts of the 42nd Amendment holding that ______ and ______ are complementary and neither has primacy over the other.
- Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles
- Union, States
- Executive, Legislature
- Centre, Judiciary
Answer: Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles
Minerva Mills (1980): SC struck down parts of 42nd Amendment that gave primacy to DPSP over FRs and excluded judicial review of amendments. Held: (a) Balance between FRs (Part III) and DPSP (Part IV) is basic structure, (b) Judicial review is part of basic structure, (c) Limited amending power is basic structure. Reinforced Kesavananda doctrine; cornerstone of constitutional jurisprudence.