The Supreme Court has held that while Parliament can amend the Constitution, it cannot alter the ___…

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The Supreme Court has held that while Parliament can amend the Constitution, it cannot alter the ______ of the Constitution which includes democracy, secularism, federalism, and judicial review.

text
spirit
basic structure
preamble

Answer: basic structure

Kesavananda Bharati (1973) and subsequent cases: Parliament's amending power under Article 368 is limited by basic structure doctrine. Basic structure includes: supremacy of Constitution, republican/democratic form, secularism, federalism, separation of powers, judicial review, rule of law, free/fair elections, individual dignity. Ensures Constitution's core identity survives political changes.

Topic Constitutional Amendments - Judicial Interpretation

Exam Relevance Basic structure core features question essential for UPSC Mains and Judiciary exams

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GK Question

The Supreme Court has held that while Parliament can amend the Constitution, it cannot alter the ______ of the Constitution which includes democracy, secularism, federalism, and judicial review.