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DPSP implementation faces federal challenges: many DPSP subjects (education, health, agriculture) are in State List or Concurrent List, requiring Union-State coordination. Which mechanism BEST facilitates this coordination for DPSP implementation?
- Presidential ordinance power to bypass State Legislatures
- Inter-State Council and NITI Aayog for policy dialogue, best practices sharing
- Supreme Court directives to States on DPSP implementation
- Central government takeover of all State functions related to DPSP
Answer: Inter-State Council and NITI Aayog for policy dialogue, best practices sharing
DPSP implementation and federal coordination: (a) Federal challenge: Many DPSP subjects (education-List III, health-List II, agriculture-List II) involve State jurisdiction; effective implementation requires Union-State coordination, (b) Inter-State Council (Article 263): (i) Composition: PM (Chairperson), all CMs, UT Lt. Governors; enables high-level political dialogue, (ii) Functions: Inquire into inter-State disputes, discuss subjects of common interest, make policy recommendations, (iii) DPSP relevance: Enables coordination on education, health, rural development policies across States, (c) NITI Aayog: (i) Governing Council: PM + all CMs; platform for development planning, policy dialogue, (ii) Functions: Bottom-up planning, best practices sharing, competitive rankings (Health Index, SDG Index) motivate improvement, (iii) DPSP relevance: Promotes cooperative federalism for DPSP goals (welfare, equality, sustainability), (d) Contrast with other options: (i) Presidential ordinance: Bypasses democratic process; not appropriate for DPSP implementation requiring State cooperation, (ii) Supreme Court directives: Courts can interpret DPSP but cannot mandate policy; separation of powers limits judicial role in implementation, (iii) Central takeover: Violates federal structure; DPSP implementation requires State autonomy, local adaptation, (e) Applications: (i) Education policy: NEP 2020 implementation requires Union-State coordination on curriculum, teacher training, infrastructure, (ii) Health systems: National Health Mission coordination ensures uniform standards while respecting State contexts, (iii) Rural development: Convergence of MGNREGA, PMAY, NFSA requires Union-State, inter-departmental coordination, (f) Illustrates cooperative federalism: DPSP implementation facilitated through Inter-State Council, NITI Aayog; balance between Union leadership, State autonomy, local adaptation essential for realizing transformative governance vision in federal framework.