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The Preamble's justice commitment has guided food security jurisprudence: PUCL case (2001 onwards) recognized right to food as part of Article 21, NFSA (2013) operationalizes this right through PDS, ICDS, mid-day meals, reflecting that food justice requires not just availability but ______ access to nutritious food for all, especially vulnerable groups.
- economic
- equitable
- administrative
- military
Answer: equitable
Justice and food security from Preamble: (a) Preamble's justice promise: Social, economic, political justice — comprehensive vision including food justice as foundation for human dignity, capability development, (b) Food security evolution: (i) PUCL v. Union of India (2001 onwards): Recognized right to food as part of Article 21; State has positive obligation to ensure food security, especially for vulnerable groups, (ii) National Food Security Act, 2013: Operationalizes right to food through statutory entitlements: PDS coverage for 75% rural, 50% urban population, ICDS for children, pregnant women, mid-day meals in schools, (iii) Judicial monitoring: Supreme Court continues to monitor NFSA implementation, address gaps in coverage, delivery, (c) Equitable access dimensions: (i) Coverage: Identification of beneficiaries through SECC data, inclusion of marginalized groups (migrants, homeless, disabled), (ii) Delivery: Efficient PDS operations, grievance redressal, social audit ensure food reaches intended beneficiaries, (iii) Nutrition: Quality, diversity of food provided through PDS, ICDS, mid-day meals address malnutrition, enable human development, (d) Applications: (i) Pandemic response (2020): Expansion of food security measures for migrants, vulnerable groups during lockdowns operationalized justice through crisis governance, (ii) Technology integration: Aadhaar seeding, e-PoS, online grievance redressal enhance transparency, efficiency in food distribution, (iii) Convergence: Coordination among NFSA, MGNREGA, PMAY, health schemes enables holistic approach to food security, poverty alleviation, (e) Illustrates transformative justice: Preamble's justice promise operationalized through food security jurisprudence; balance between statutory entitlements, effective delivery, nutritional quality essential for realizing constitutional vision of inclusive development, human dignity.