The Preamble's commitment to 'unity and integrity of the Nation' is operationalized through federal provisions that balance State autonomy with national cohesion, including residuary powers with Union under Article ______.

Answer: 248

Unity and integrity in federal design: (a) Preamble foundation: 'Unity and integrity of the Nation' — national cohesion amid diversity, (b) Federal operationalization: (i) Article 248: Residuary powers with Union — prevents fragmentation, enables coordinated response to national challenges, (ii) Article 249: Rajya Sabha can enable Parliament to legislate on State List in national interest, (iii) Article 250: Parliament can legislate on State List during National Emergency, (iv) Article 252: States can request Parliament to legislate on State List for uniform regulation, (c) Balance mechanisms: (i) Seventh Schedule: Defined domains for Union, State, Concurrent legislation, (ii) Finance Commission: Technical mediation of fiscal claims, (iii) Inter-State Council: Policy dialogue on disputes/common interests, (iv) Judicial review: Courts mediate Centre-State disputes while respecting separation of powers, (d) Applications: (i) GST Council: Cooperative fiscal federalism for 'One Nation, One Tax', (ii) Article 370 judgment: Union power to reorganize States balanced with democratic restoration, (iii) Water disputes: Tribunals balance State rights with national interest, (e) Illustrates calibrated federalism: Preamble values guide State to balance regional autonomy with national cohesion; unity without uniformity, diversity without division.