environment hard MCQ

Which case established the principle that 'Sustainable Development' is part of Indian law under Article 21?

  1. Subhash Kumar vs State of Bihar
  2. Vellore Citizens Welfare Forum vs Union of India
  3. M.C. Mehta vs Kamal Nath
  4. Narmada Bachao Andolan vs Union of India

Answer: Vellore Citizens Welfare Forum vs Union of India

In this 1996 case, the Supreme Court explicitly recognized Sustainable Development, Precautionary Principle, and Polluter Pays Principle as part of Indian environmental law.

Topic Landmark Environmental Cases
Exam Relevance UPSC