environment hard MCQ

Which of the following principles was affirmed by the Supreme Court in the Vellore Citizens Welfare Forum case (1996)?

  1. Absolute liability for hazardous industries
  2. Precautionary Principle and Polluter Pays Principle as part of Indian environmental law
  3. Exemption of small industries from environmental norms
  4. Privatization of natural resources

Answer: Precautionary Principle and Polluter Pays Principle as part of Indian environmental law

The Court held that these international environmental principles are part of customary international law and applicable in India.

Topic Environmental Ethics and Governance
Exam Relevance UPSC